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High speed wireless data networks are integrating
communications between different command levels down to the
divisions and brigades. To enable modern image-rich multimedia
connectivity, substantial infrastructure enhancement is required,
primarily in the introduction of computing and high-speed networking
at the lower echelons, with the deployment of high speed,
wireless
data-communications backbone (such as the future
WIN-T) spanning throughout the theater of
operation. Such extensions can now reach battalions, with deployed
line-of-sight terminals high-speed links. Data communications is
required for all facets of military activities, including transfer
of reports.
Modern C2 systems rely on Geographical Information
Systems (GIS) which process and create map-based displays of
information such as unit status, target information, intelligence
reports, operational plans and logistics activities. The fusion and
spatial presentations of information from multiple sources
contribute to clear situational understanding (SU) of complex
situations and contribute to effective distribution of information
to the relevant users throughout the battlespace. One example of
such a system is the introduction of blue-force tracking service,
which relies on advanced voice/data and position-location reporting
radio systems, which are an integral part of the
Force XXI Battle
Command Brigade and Below (FBCB2) system.
With the introduction of faster transfer rates, and availability of
data-driven systems below the brigade level, modern armies are
beginning to deploy integrated Battle Management Computing (BMC)
system environments to handle and process multi-dimensional
information flows (reports, maps, images, videos), and process them
into these situational pictures that are shared and relayed back to
the fighting elements and up to the highest level of command. The
network backbone provided for such applications relies on high
capacity High Capacity Digital Radios or Wideband Network radios (WNR)
such as the NTDR used by the US Army "digital divisions" and the
HCDR utilized for the British Bowman system. These systems can
transfer data at rates of few hundred kbps up to megabit rate,
depending on the station's position, mobility and bandwidth
utilization.
Despite their clear advantages, Radio links utilizing VHF/UHF voice
and data networks, such as CNR, SINCGARS, EPLRS and future
JTRS are
limited by terrain and range. Typical division area of
responsibility usually extends far beyond the reach of such systems.
To gain full theater coverage, satellite communications, ground and
aerial radio relays are used, including such deployed on aircraft
and UAVs. |
