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The control systems utilized with
current MAVs offer "mission control", rather than "flying" the
aircraft like RC modelers do. The operator, usually an infantryman
or a special forces warrior, carry a small laptop or palmtop PC,
with a ruggedized "joystick, which enable functional control of
the payload, and basic mission commands such as "maintain
position" or "go to point" and "come home" etc.
Mission specific control features also include "convoy
protection", recently demonstrated by MLB.
All the flight control and
auto-pilot functions must be performed autonomously by the aerial
vehicle. The MAV must fly itself in calm or harsh weather
conditions, including turbulence and wind gusts. Its flight
controls include all motion and air data sensors, flight actuators
and control surfaces, all driven by the an automatic piloting and
control system. Control surface actuators are also driven by
electric motors.
Future applications of micro
mechanical components (MEMS), ultrasonic devices and piezoelectric
actuators are foreseen for future MAVs. Such components are
expected to improve reliability, save weight and reduce overall
power consumption. Most MAVs are utilizing Global Positioning
Satellite (GPS) data for navigation and positioning. Other sensors
required for position sensing include angle rate sensor, pressure,
accelerometers, and altimeter, to name only a few .
Other elements discussed in this article:
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